Monday, August 3, 2020

Deadline-time Questions Omnibus

Deadline-time Questions Omnibus Before I go off on vacation today, I wanted to answer as many questions as I can. Its a long entry! Before we get to that, though, I have three pieces of advice. 1. Relax. 2. Submit your application well in advance of the deadline. 3. Relax. Here goes - ola wrote, I was wondering whether the creation for the optional essay has to be something to do with engineering or could I send in a project I have worked on in my graphic design classes, such as a poster design for a spring musical along with a designers statement? Or should I just forgo the optional essay since I plan to send in a CD containing several works from my art portfolio. In the optional creation essay, it can be anything, not just something directly related to science/engineering. If you are sending in portfolio work to be reviewed, please note that our faculty have specificallly asked for hard copy submissions, and not slides or CDs. - i.m.i.y.m.o.r.a.q. wrote, If you get into the Accel. Calc course, what do you do for your second semester? Is that an open space for an elective? In a typical year, more than half of the freshman class places out of single variable calculus. For the students who take multivariable calculus first term freshman year, most follow it up with differential equations, though a number of students will certainly take a different elective course. - Bill wrote, I have already taken the regular SAT, and need to take the subject tests. I signed up to take the Math and Chemistry subject tests in December. Unfortunently, I got sick the day of the test and could not take it. Who do i need to contact if i am a case that needs to take the test in January? Please email admissions at mit dot edu to advise of January tests. - R.M. wrote, My daughter was deferred, and we were wondering if theres any other thing we could do to increase her chances come regular decision time? 1. You have received her scores on 2 of her subject tests (Math II-770; Biology-690). She took the US History on Dec. 2 and she got a 750. Should we send you the official result on that one, too? Or should we just send the results for the January test after she retakes Biology (or take Physics)? 2. As mentioned above, shes planning to retake the Biology this January. (By the way, she self-studed for the Biology test, which shell be doing again she took the Pre-AP Biology back in her sophomore year). Will that still be included in her application, since the results will not come out until February? Will retaking it help her in the application process? 3. I was suggesting to her that since she draws really well, she might want to send some of her drawings in. It will show another side of her that is not evident anywhere in her applicatio n file as of now. Or will this be a just a waste of time on both sides? 0. As Ive written, the only thing we expect from deferred students is midyear grades. Good midyear grades are key! 1. You can just send us the new January results. 2. We should receive most January scores in time for consideration. 3. I doubt it would be a waste of time. Send the materials directly to the Architecture Department as described in the application. - Anonymous wrote, Are there any Early Action applicants who were deferred on a Regular Decision Definite-Accepted list, if there even exists such a list? If so, approximately how many would you say are on this list? There is no such list, and nothing even resembling such a list. - Adam S. wrote, I was deferred. Now that I look back, I think that I sent in *way* too much extra stuff. I sent in a CD with some programs, lots of extra information, a few additional teacher reqs, etc. Im starting to regret sending so much, because now I have one or two more things Id like to share, but Im worried that Im already pushing the patience of the admissions officers. With that in mind, I have a few questions. 1. Is the reviewing process started over from scratch, or are the notes taken on each applicant from EA reused? 2. I sent in a CD with perhaps 5 or 6 programs on it. I would like to scrap that, and just write a summary with a few screen shots instead. I dont want the admissions officer to have to spend time looking at the CD *and* reading the summary. Since the summary is just compressing the contents of the CD to an easier-to-use form, is it possible for me to completely remove the CD from my application? 3. Ive done some things that are particularly interesting to m e lately. In comparison, the things that I sent before were rather dull, actually. Im planning on sending in a page of information on the new things.. but Ive sent so much other information that Im a bit worried that the new information will be smothered. I know I cant actually remove the old information from my application, but is there any way that I can ensure that the new information will be considered more closely? Since it will be more recent, will this be done automatically? 1. We will not re-review EA applicants from scratch. Well be utilizing our summaries from EA, with any additional notes from updates sent in. 2. No need to remove the CD. You can just send in your easier-to-use form without worry. 3. It will be done automatically, no worries. - Mike wrote, I, too, am a deferred applicant. I want to send in a supplementary recommendation, but I dont think it will be ready by January 1st. Would it be okay for the admissions office to receive my recommendation after January 1st? Yes, that would be just fine. Please get any new materials to us by early February to ensure full consideration. - Paul wrote, Our school is already done with the third quarter of the school year 2006-2007. Could I send my secondary school transcript again which reports grades up to the third quarter of my senior year, most especially when it would exhibit an improvement in my grades? The transcript will be available by the end of January or start of February. Mailing it would take just a few days to reach the MIT Admissions Office. Yes. Please be sure to send us your most up-to-date grades by early February. - Elizabeth wrote, According to both MyMIT and Collegeboard.com, my SAT I test scores have been sent, but not my subject test scores (I took those in November and self-reported them in my application). I think Im going to have to have another official report sent with the subject tests on it, but unless I order a rush report I dont think itll get sent by the deadline. Do I need to do this or will you accept score reports after the deadline? We routinely accept SAT scores after the deadline; this is not a problem. Do not rush your scores. - Dan C. wrote, How important is the Math SAT subject test? I mean if someone *cough* me *cough* was to get a 650 on MathIIc on his best sitting, could his chances be so grievously harmed that only a stupendous application could save him? Or is the scenario not so apocaliptic? And Anonymous wrote, I am an International Student. My SATII scores are very poor Math1 610 and Physics 590. However, all the other parts of application are very strong. Do you think that poor SATII scores are going to be a deal breaker? As Ben wrote in his most recent post, Id recommend trying to get that score up if you can, but one score will not keep you out of MIT if the rest of your application is stellar. - Kim wrote, This is similar to someone elses interview question I had my interview a while ago but I dont know if my EC sent anything in yet. According to my myMIT account, he hasnt. But anyway, my question is, is it better to email my EC about my interview report first, or should I fill out that form thing on myMIT instead? And Dan C. wrote, I seem to have a problem. I had my interview eons ago and my EC said he would upload the interview more than 2-3 weeks ago, yet it hasnt appeared in MyMIT. Should I contact him first, or could it be a problem on your side of the server? And RD Applicant wrote, I had my interview on 12/9 (it was originally scheduled for an earlier date, but my interviewer had to postpone it), but the box next to Interview on my tracking page is still unchecked. I know my interviewer was planning to submit his comments within one or two days of the interviewer. Should I be concerned about this delay in tracking? Thanks! We allow interviewers until the beginning of January to submit their reports; some need that time write up the reports, edit them, etc. Also, our Records Office is currently deluged with application pieces. So, it could be that it has not yet been submitted, or that it has and hasnt yet been processed. You may wish to fill out the Conducted Interview form on your MyMIT tracking. - Kristina wrote, My synchronized skating team is going to sectionals and nationals this year and I was hoping to send in the placements of my team as more supplemental material. Is there any particular way youd like those to be sent in, or could I just email the placements to you? Yes, email would probably be best. - The OT person wrote, IAP Questions: 1. Is it mandatory to be at school during IAP? (Can one come back to MIT in the middle of January?) 2. If you take an IAP for-credit class and fail, is it No Record (for all years, for just Freshman)? 1. You can be at MIT for all of, part of, or none of IAP its completely your choice. 2. In your freshman year, it would be No Record; afterwards, it would be graded in the standard ways (not No Record). - Gene wrote, Id just like to ask if MIT sends its freshman applicants notices of missing documents. I ask this particularly because Im not sure if my guidance counselor was able to put a copy of my transcript, and I was not able to confirm such because we already went on the Christmas break and school starts again only AFTER January 1. Would it be OK if i send another copy of my transcript (once I get one, which would be after the RD postmark deadline) that would also contain my updated grades? I plan to send this along with my mid-year report, as Paul (^above^) and I are I think from the same school. :D We dont send notices of missing documents, though you can track your documents at MyMIT. If your GC neglected to send a transcript prior to the break, we would accept it when school is back in session, no problem. - Amanda wrote, For a visual art submission, do samples of work have to ocme in the for of 35 mm slides or may I send pictures? The art reviewers have specifically asked for hard copies and not slides, so Id send the pictures. - Jon wrote, I will be graduating from UIUC in May 07 with a B.S. in Computer Science and a minor in Math. I would love to study Physics at MIT, but I have only completed 4 basic physics courses at UIUC and I am enrolled in 2 more this spring. I think this may be inadequate for admission to the graduate program in physics, but MIT does not consider applications for a second bachelors degree. [] Do I have any chance of getting in to the Physics M.S. program at MIT with so few undergrad physics classes? Would delaying my matriculation from UIUC to take preparatory physics classes improve my application? (How would I pay for it?) I am a huge fan of MIT OpenCourseWare and thats how I intend to spend the summer. Jon, I only do undergraduate admissions and am not involved with physics graduate admissions. Im sorry I cant help. You may wish to contact the physics department directly. - Melissa 11 wrote, What happens to EA accepteds from here? (When to expect materials/what materials to expect, will students contact us, etc?) Congrats again! Youll be formally invited to Campus Preview Weekend in January, and in March youll receive more information from MIT in the same mailing as when we admit the regular action students. If applicable, be sure to apply for financial aid by the February 15 deadline. - International applicant wrote, i had a few questions regarding the application process. 1. i will be taking part in the maths and informatics Olympiads next year(my final year grade 12). in case i do qualify, i will be notified only after the final date of application has passed( 1st January). so will there be any way of letting u folks know of the results so that it would help my application? 2. if i have a rock band does that count?3. i have made hundreds of websites and have been working as a freelance web designer for a number of years now ( designed some websites for a couple of big clients too).Does MIT look at that? 4. are my achievements before high school considered? 5. basically what Ive done includes web designing, digital imaging, programming, quizzing, SAT 2300, Olympiads, done 2 research based projects, president of the computer club, rock band, drama and some basketball. the problem is, does MIT look at all these achievements in a sense that it doesnt promote one sing le interest?(jack of all arts master of none, u know what i mean). also, this has in a way affected my studies so my grades of 9th and 11th grade have gone down( in the middle of the class at the moment, though my school is one of the most competitive in my country). if i work sufficiently hard in grade 12 does that improve my chances of getting into MIT or some other ivy league school? 1. Yes, please email us with any significant updates. 2. Yes. 3. Yes, be sure to include URLs and/or screenshots. This would be a great way to use the completely optional essay. 4. We largely focus on your accomplishments in high school. 5. We admit well rounded applicants, pointy applicants, and everything in between. I dont think this by itself will harm you. As for your grades, they are very important, and strong marks in grade 12 will certainly help. - Bhushan wrote, deadline is Jan 1 but if we do something odd which would help our aplication after deadline and we post will it be added in our file Yes, email us. - bhushan wrote, this is somewhat me: SAT2 Phy 580M1 620M2 660Having two researches, cool teachers evaluation, new ideas and lots of supplemental material. are there any chances Like Ben wrote in his most recent post, as my friend always says, if you dont apply you have a 0% chance of getting in. - Viksit wrote, I am an international student from India. I graduated from high school in 2004. Had some serious family responsibilties and chose to drop formal studies to be by my family. 1. What additional information or other materials should I send in, to help you people understand my case better? 2. I would also want to send in some abstracts of the work [Independent Projects] I have been doing during these gap years. Can I send in more than 1(preferably 3)?Its hard to chose between them. I love them all. And I would want you to look at all three? I am still working on two of these trying to better them. Can I send them after I have submitted my application? Maybe around January 20? I have read this for quite some time now that you do consider each applicant in context. I hope you take into account that somebody applying from inner suburbs of India may not have any access to information nor any kind of advice on how to go about the whole application to that effect, except for the Internet. :( 3. And, my Principal thinks that if she signs the feewaiver, she will have to incur the 60$ application fee. How do I clarify it to her? ( She says she once had done it for a student at another school, and was harassed by the university. She says she was asked to submit her Income tax returns and a whole lot of other things later.)  I know it is really strange but what do I do? 1. Please be sure to tell us what you can about your situation. If you cant fit it within the context of your application, feel free to send it in as extra information. 2. We could look at all three; do your best to summarize them. Send them in as soon as you can, especially considering international post. 3. I hope she can take my word on this blog that we would never hold a principal liable for an application fee, and would never ask for a principals income tax returns, either. She may contact our office directly if she wishes. - Anonymous wrote, Just a quick question: exactly what role does an alumni relation play in the admissions process? If my grandfather went to MIT, how (if at all) would it factor into my admissions decision? We have no legacy preference at MIT. If you are admitted, it is because you are awesome, not because your grandfather is awesome. - Meara wrote, So heres a question: I wrote this awesome essay for my common app schools and University of Chicago. I think its a lot better than the essay I wrote answering the MIT prompt, and gives a bit more insight. As a deferree, should I submit it to the admissions office? Its not like I won a Nobel prize between my EA app and now, but its a pretty good essay. Would the admissions committees reaction be more along the lines of, What an interesting essay! or Curses, another 600 words to get through!? Obviously this is difficult since you havent read my essay, but as a general rule? Also, if I want to email something to the admissions office, where should I send it to make sure it gets to the right place? Can I send a Word document as an attachment, or should I copy/paste the text into the email? Is there any way to submit extra materials online through MyMIT if my application has already been submitted? We are happy to accept extra materials that you feel would help us to get to know you better and are significant. If you believe your essay accomplishes this, then by all means send it in. You can mail any materials to the MIT Office of Admissions, Room 3-108, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139. You may also send us plain text email at admissions at mit dot edu. Please dont send attachments. And, there isnt a way to submit extra materials through MyMIT after the application has been submitted. - Anonymous wrote, 1. Whats the difference between the 2 required CI-M and the 2 required REST classes? Can one fulfill the other? 2. The requirements page says that 3-4 HASS must go deep into your HASS concentration. What is this? Is it similar to a minor? 1. CI-M classes are communications intensive classes in your major; usually, you take one in your junior year, and one in your senior year. REST classes are Restricted Electives in Science and Technology; you must choose 2 from a list of 47 options. Generally, CI-M and REST classes are different, but theres nothing preventing a CI-M class from also being a REST class. [see the MIT Course Catalog for more information] 2. The HASS (Humanities, Arts Social Science) Concentration is like a mini-minor. Many students will expand this into an actual minor or sometimes a double major. (See here for more details) - Anonymous wrote, the internet of china was down. the earthshock have destroyed the cables which are under the ocean. We are aware of the problems caused by the earthquake off the coast of Taiwan. If Internet problems continue, we will allow applications from the affected areas to be sent in after the deadline. - ns wrote, hey my 8th oct toefl scores have nt yet reached MIT,the toefl authorities say that they hav posted the materials.wat shud i do? And Carla wrote, I took the SAT subject tests in July 2006, and at the site of college board they say they are already sent, however in my application tracking it says that you have not yet received the scores, what should I do? You may send us a copy of your score report along with a note describing how we have not yet posted your scores. We can then use your score report to locate our official copy. - Tom wrote, Hi Matt, like some others (and Bill above), I have a question about January SAT scores. All your previous answers in the archives seem to indicate that January SAT scores will be taken into account; however, the admissions documentation seems to emphasize the fact that theyre accepted on a case-by-case basis. Can you please elaborate on cases that arent acceptable? (In particular, will you consider simple retakes?) Thanks! And Dan wrote, I have the same question as Tom (about January SATs). I was thinking about noting in my update letter to admissions that Im taking it and you guys could consider the scores if you want or just ignore them otherwise. What do you think Matt? It is best for us to use tests from December or before. We can, however, use January scores, though it is better for our process to minimize the number of January scores. You can email us if you wish to use January scores. - Michael B. wrote, I was wondering if I have to have my SAT and TOEFL scores re-submitted this year, since I also applied last year? And Ashley wrote, Im reapplying this year for the Class of 2011. Do I have to resend my SAT scores? Can I possibly request the admissions office to consider my previous years scores instead? Thank you in advance. I believe so, but please email our office to ensure that this will be okay. - question for matt wrote, Would AdCom ever do external research on an applicant (i.e. Google his or her name, look at his or her Xanga or user profile at a website) ? Is there a policy that prevents or allows or condones or discourages this ? When the situation warrants further exploration, we will not hesitate to do further Internet searching. For example, if someone lists an award or activity that I havent heard of, I might Google it. Or if someone lists something that doesnt seem to make sense with the rest of the application, I might look for more information online. Generally, we will not look at an applicants blog unless someone explicitly directs us to it. We dont Google every applicant and were not out looking for bad words or anything on peoples personal blogs. - to matt wrote, 1) I dont think my interview went well. We didnt mesh well, and I just ended up talking about several of my extracurricular activities superficially. I was about to start talking about my science fair experiences when she told me my topic was irrelevant to the real world, so I didnt argue with her. Would a note about my interview in my application help? Or would this note be too biased, and that admissions would prefer it if I just trusted the interviewer?2) from this, http://nymag.com/news/features/24398/index.html, : There is one red flag, which is that she stopped gymnastics this year. Apparently, her school dropped the program; this should be footnoted on her résumé so she does not appear to be a quitter. However, he seems to be a serial joiner. A red flag is the Ping-Pong club, given the fact that he has little community service.These quotations are from a college admissions expert. Please help me clarify =) Would quitting some activities in senior year (because of exams and school, etc.) be detrimental to chances of getting in? How about participating in different activities throughout high school, because I was soul-searching? My guess is that I could talk about it in my essay? 3) This one is a weird question: would involvement in an intimate relationship have any effect on an application (increase/decrease chances)?4) Just one more question. Would it matter if our essay on an extracurricular activity for the pleasure of it isnt about the first activity in the list of 5? Would it be okay to write about something that isnt even on the list of 5, because I have numerous interests and Im already having a hard time deciding which to put in the list of 5? 1) Usually, even when you think your interview went poorly, your interviewer writes a positive report anyway. We also know that the interviewer generally meets you once for an hour or so, while your teachers and counselors who write on your behalf have much more in depth experience with you. So, in short, I wouldnt worry too much. 2) The article you quote from was, I think, too superficial and may have caused more anxiety than is warranted. As for joining activities: we hope youll explore, we hope youll do things you enjoy, we hope youll make an impact along the way. I dont see dropping activities as a red flag necessarily. I dont think you need to write a whole essay about why you tried different things, no worries. 3) Unless theres something unusual, I doubt it would have any impact one way or the other. 4) Yes, that would be just fine. - Abhishek wrote, i m a student from india i wanna ask u one thing. WHY [] DO U REQUIRE MIN 90 SCORE IN TOEFL(ibt). can a person below this score cant communicate in english or what.the toefl exam can be wrong.an american student can also get score less than 90. PLEASE DO SOMETHING REGARDING IT.plz dont make 90 as a comulsory score. The language of instruction at MIT is English, and we want to do our best to ensure success for all of our students. We have based our minimum scores on experiences here at MIT with our enrolled students and with faculty input. A general note: Id ask that all commenters try their best to use proper English and not Internet slang, and to refrain from using swear words. - DB wrote, Im an international applicant. I have an unweighted CGPA of 3.41 but I am in the top 10 of my school. My co-curriculum is one the best the school has ever had. For my SAT 2, Physics 710, Math 2 730, Chemistry 790 TOEFL CBT 253. I wrecked my SAT 1CR 520, Math 710, Writing 530. I have a friend who got admitted without submitting SAT 1, opting for TOEFL + SAT 2 But I submitted all. Can the admission office drop my SAT 1 scores and only take into consideration my TOEFL and SAT 2 scores? Do I have a chance to be among the 100+ international students who gets admitted? We will use your TOEFL scores and you SAT IIs, and not use your SAT I. If you apply, you could be admitted; youll be considered along with all of the other applicants. - lostfound wrote, I am an international student. I submitted my application yesterday. I have one question: I didnt write my class rank. As the 7th in my class, I am in the top 4% in my class. Do you think e-mailing this information to the admissions office would help? My high school doesnt report our ranks to colleges; therefore the admissions office wouldnt have any other means of knowing it from the application. Usually, we will only accept official class rank from the school. - Anonymous wrote, Looks like there are more than a few questions for you to get through here, but Ill throw mine in anyway; Ive written and rewritten the optional essay for my application and I just cant get it to a state where Im happy with it. Im very pleased with what Ive got down in the first (non-optional) essay, so is it going to be better for my application to leave out the optional essay completely and have no chance of it harming my application or to include something Im not entirely happy with on the possibility that it might help? If youre talking about the essay where you talk about something youve created, I hope that youll submit it so we can learn about your creation. If its an anything else? essay, you may wish to leave it out. - theresa wrote, is it okay if I send in a music supplement and a creative writing supplement? or is that too much? on the part of the application that asks what I do for fun, I talked about creative writing, and made a reference to a piece I wrote I was going to send in that piece, in addition to a music dvd if thats not too much. The music supplement will go directly to the music office, so well never see it, and it wont overburden us. We would be happy to take your creative writing supplement. - yohini wrote, Hey i am an international student, The problem is i have applied for MIT but i didnt get the confirmation in my MIT application yet. And, since i have a long name, collegeboard could not accomadate it completely, so my score reports will arrive missing part of my 1st name, whereas my application has my full name. Do you think i should wirte to admissions about this? Also, i am planning to take some additional exams in feb, can i update the admission committee about the results in feb? We may still be processing your application, give it some time. As for your situation with the College Board, I would definitely email admissions at mit dot edu to inform our records office. They will need this information to match your tests with your application. February exams are too late for our process. - adel wrote, I came to U.S. on September of 2005. I cant take two subject test because I have really hard time with vocabulary. What should I do? Should I take one in sience in Jan. if I can? I already took MAth I and Math II. We require an SAT Subject Test in both math and science from all applicants, regardless of English language fluency. You should take a Science test in January if you can. - Chan wrote, Hello. Im an international applicant and every piece of my application filled by other parties has passed through my hands in fact, Ive been consulted on the content of some. I know specifically that my integrity has been *highly* rated on all of those forms but has my ability to inspect these documents infringed on that integrity? One teacher even emailed me the form to print out PS: I didnt ask to see the forms. Ill be mailing them all on Friday, as a convenience to the people who filled the forms; they trust me a lot. Is an extra recommendation from a less friendly source advised? [I already asked for it. Do you accept e-mailed recommendations?] We know that sometimes students see their recommendations before they are sent in. Its not our preference, but we know it happens. Chan, I can tell by the way you write this that you are a person of integrity. Thank you for being upfront and honest. Theres no need to get a less friendly recommendation to balance friendly ones. In general, we do not accept email recommendations, but if a supplemental recommendation were emailed to us with all of your information, we would add it to your file. - Anonymous wrote, 1. If we get into a certain house freshman year, can we keep the same housing all four years? Same room all four years? How likely are you to get into the house of your choice? Especially for MacGregor =) 2. If you dont take the FEE or dont have APs, are you required to take CI-HW or can you just take CI-Hs? 1. The majority of students who live in dorms choose to stay in the same dorm for all four years. You may stay in the same dorm all four years. In the housing lottery, 90+% of students receive one of their top choices; dorm preferences shift from year to year, as do available rooms, so I have no idea what the lottery will look like for MacGregor this coming year. 2. A CI-HW is required of all students, unless you pass out of it with AP credit or the FEE. You have two opportunities to take the FEE online, and a third opportunity to take it during Orientation. [see here for more info] - Anonymous wrote, 1. I was told that Admissions staff looks at SATII scores and than based on the scores they make a pile of people with Rejected or Accepted. From that Accepted pile, than they go down to evaluating essays and recommendation letters to make a refined selection. 2. Also, I was wondering how do you determine if someone is top5% or 20%? Are these percentages refered to your academic standing in classroom? Percentage of Those Ranked who were: in Top 5%, in Top 5-10%, in Top 10-20%, below top 20% All this rumours are confusing and making me worried about applying to MIT. 1. I have no idea where rumors like this come from. It is completely false. 2. Those statistics are based on the school-reported class rank and class size. For example, if your school reported that your rank was 14, and your class size was 200, you would be in Top 5-10%. As a general rule, dont believe a rumor unless you read it here. - suspicious dad wrote, Heres a question you can answer to persuade my dad that I can check the financial aid box in my app without worries: If MIT does not care if an applicant will need financial aid, then why is it that financial aid applications are due February 15th? That is about a month or so before decisions come out. Please help! My dad refuses to apply for financial aid because hes really suspicious that itll hurt my chances. I assure you we are genuinely need blind in our admissions for international and domestic applicants. The financial aid deadline is February 15th because the financial aid office needs a month to complete financial aid packages so that when we mail decisions, we can include the package as well as the acceptance. Your dad may also be interested to know that nearly every international student at MIT receives financial aid, and the average package is over $30,000/year. - Carl L. wrote, Does MIT accept rush reporting for SAT scores? My mom just requested them on Friday (December 22)when she realized she hadnt done it earlier. The College Board said they were processed yesterday (Dec 26th) but that they could not garuntee a school would accept them and we needed to check with MIT if rush reporting is accepted. Help!! We can accept rushed reports, but we recommend sending the score the traditional way and not spending the extra money. - Anonymous wrote, Does MIT look at an applicants scores for the individual sections of the ACT, or do they only see the overall composite score? I didnt do too well overall, but math was my strongest section. Will they be able to see that? Yes, we will look not just at the composite but also at the individual components of the ACT. - sarah wrote, im an international applicant studying the British system of A-levels, and I was wondering if i can get exempted out of a couple of classes if i get A grades in my subjects (which are Math, Physics, Chemistry, Economics, Further Math), or would it still be necessary to take AP exams? We recognize A Levels, no need to take AP exams. See here for more info. - Yossarian wrote, Just wondering, but how can we find out if supplemental material have been recieved by the office of admissions? We dont track supplemental materials on MyMIT. If you call the office, we may be able to have someone physically check the application folder. - Sammy wrote, Ugh hope Im not too late to be asking this question, I havent had access to the internet recently. I also hope this is the right place to ask. Anyway, my guidance counselor recently informed me that she did NOT obtain the grades from my former high-school form my grade transcript. I just managed to obtain them myself with difficulty, considering the school was closed for the holidays. I study under a British system (in Egypt, no less), but its still necessary to send my results for grades 9 and 10, right? Also, Im wondering just how to send the results as I believe the counselor has already submitted her official report should I mail them, or enclose them in a P.D.F. with my online application? What information should I include to ensure they are processed correctly if mailed? If you have obtained the transcript, we would like to have it as a part of your file. At the very least, wed like your O Level results. Mail would be best; see if your high school will pay the postage. Make sure what you send has your name and date of birth. - Anonymous wrote, For the Mid-Year Grade Report, the MIT website states that only students in U.S. Schools are responsible for this doccument. Do you want a report card from students in other school systems? (The on-line application tracking shows that this section is incomplete without it. Do you waive this requirement for international students?) And Anonymous wrote, As an international student Id also like to know what to do about the Mid-Year Report. Should I just ignore it? We do not require the Mid-Year Grade Report for students not in American schools. You may still send in the form if it is relevant to you. - Anonymous wrote, *standardized test*1) i had my annual sports meet in december and was very busy with that(i am the head girl of my school)..and so it would have been impractical of me to take my SAT subject tests then because i did not have time to prepare..also the syllabus had not been completed in my schooli)the january test date is towards thye end of janwhich is when im taking the subject testsis that too late? does that mean the rest of my application would have been reviewed by thenand the jan scores would be somewhat of a make-or-break???.or will my apllication only be evaluated after my scores are recieved?ii)am i a case for jan scores to be considered?2)although ive taken my SAT1 and sent the scorescan i also send in my TOEFL scores?then,will you choose the better of the two?*recommendations*3)do you accept e-mailed recommendations? my principal who left a few years ago knows me way better than the current principal of my schoolbut hes in dubaiim in indiacan i have him e-m ail a recommendation?plzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz!!!!!4)where should he e-mail it?*supplementary material*5)can i send in my poems,stories and outlines for novels?how?where?in what format?and how much/how many?6)i have sent my ICSE scores(class 10..).now in jan..i will have my pre-board examscan i mail those grades to you? should i just e-mail it..or mail a copy attested by my principal? if i e-mail itso it reaches you fasterwill there be a problem about authenticity? 1. Please email admissions at mit dot edu to use January scores. 2. Yes, you can (and probably should) send along TOEFL scores. 3. In general, we do not accept email recommendations, but if a supplemental recommendation were emailed to us with all of your information, we would add it to your file. You should have an official at your current school send along the official recommendation. 4. You can email admissions at mit dot edu. 5. This sounds like a great topic for the completely optional essay about your creations. You may also send in any supplemental materials you think would be of help to us. 6. I would email or fax the new marks, and follow it up with an official copy in the mail. - Anonymous wrote, where do we mention that january scores are to be expected?and that im sending TOEFL as well as SAT1 scores? You can mention this in various places in the Part 2, or via email. - Mike wrote, Im a homeschool student excited to be applying RA and I have a few things Id like to confirm regarding the application and how it applies to my situation:(1) In Section 4 of Part 2 of the online application, you ask Are you graduating from secondary school early or without a diploma?. As a homeschooler, I wont enter college with an offical high school diploma, yet its not because I left early or didnt graduate. How should I respond to this question?(2) In Section 6 of Part 2, you ask for Self-Reported Coursework yet clearly state To be completed by students in U.S. school systems only. Does this include me as a US homeschooler? (3) Although I have taken courses through a local community college and have sent you a copy of my transcript from that school, I do not have anyone who would be logical to fill out the Secondary School Report and Transcript application component. Most of the information requested in that paperwork doesnt really apply to my situation. Should I just omit this form?(4) Similarly to #3, Im not sure how best to handle the Mid-Year Grade Report component? 1. If your homeschool coordinator will deem you graduated, you dont need to answer this question; well consider this a diploma. 2. Yes, you should definitely fill out the self-reported coursework. 3. We would also like a report of any schooling youve done under the homeschool umbrella. Wed like to know what you were learning and how you were evaluated. Your homeschool coordinator should write a letter telling us more about your schooling, and about your formal and informal coursework. 4. You dont need to worry about the mid-year grade report, unless you expect to receive new grades in the next two months. - Anonymous wrote, I have taken some dual enrollment classes at a community college and have requested that an offical transcript of my work be sent to you. Unfortunatly, the office closed before my semester grades were posted and wont re-open until the first week of January. This means that my transcript will be postmarked several days after the 1/1 deadline. Is this OK or do I need to indicate it somewhere on my application so you know to be looking? If so, where? This is okay, send it as soon as you can. - Hopeful wrote, I am an international applicant. I have a 600 on the SAT 1 math but a 730 on the SAT 2 math level 1. Can you please tell me which one will be considered in the admissions process? Also, my TOEFL results will come out on 18th Jan. Will it be too late for MIT to consider it? We will consider your TOEFL. Assuming your TOEFL is better than your SAT I, we will consider your TOEFL and SAT IIs, but not your SAT I. - bhushan wrote, do u distinguish b/w TOEFL(iBT) 90+ 100+ 110+ Yes, we do distinguish between different TOEFL scores. - bhushan wrote, International. if i send only 10th and 12th report without transcript will it do We would like your transcript. - Abhinav M. wrote, Im an International Applicant from India. My old school in Mumbai where I attended grades 9-10 required me to send their transcript separately. So, I sent my regular application materials from my current school (Sec. School Report, Recommendations etc) and sent only the Grade 9-10 transcript and ICSE Marksheet in a separate envelope. Application tracking does not indicate whether uve received both envelopes it only indicates Secondary School Report and Transcript which Im sure is my Grade 11-12 one I assume we will receive your 9-10 transcript. If youd like, you can email the office later in January, and we may be able to physically check the application folder for you. - Roshan S. wrote, My SAT scores were sent to MIT by the College Board in June this year. I submitted Part 1 of my application online on Dec 11, but the My.MIT tracking page still shows no scores received. Im wondering whether this is because of the technical glitch you mentioned earlier or because my fee waiver application hasnt reached you yet. In any case, Ive sent a photocopy of my score report with my application materials, which I mailed yesterday. Should I order another official score report for MIT? And should I order rush reporting or the regular kind? It would be wonderful if you could locate the June 2006 report and add it to my file, if your system has it. You did the right thing by sending the photocopy. I suspect this will help us track down your scores. If it still doesnt show up later in January, call or email the office and well see what we can do. - another question for matt wrote, do the majority or minority of accepted applicants have the AP 5 or IB 7 credit ? Is that the standard of students that get into MIT (students at the first year credit level) ? Yes, there will be a range, some students will have the credit and some will not, but is it a majority of accepted applicants that are at the first-year level? It is true that a majority of first year students at MIT come in with some credit from high school. I know that, for example, more than half the class places out of single variable calculus. - tom wrote, What if my toefl scores wont be available until the first week of Feb ? I had my toefl on Dec 8th, but computers in test center broke down. Now my toefl is scheduled on 19th of January. I know that many students in my country have this problem. This should be okay. You may wish to note this on your application. - Yazeed wrote, I submitted my application weeks ago. However, a fairly interesting project that is on a national level has just evolved and I am involved as a founder. Is there a way I can add this to my application or just for the committee to review? (Since I feel it stresses some more stuff about me within its context). Moreover, generalizing the question, if one applicant earns some extraordinary awards, work on some impressive projects, or generally be involved in something that is very interesting, is it possible to report that to the admission committee? Is it usually more beneficial to the committee to make its decision? Yes, if anything interesting happens to you after submitting the application, you should inform our office via email, mail, or fax. - Keone wrote, 1. For scholastic distinctions, should we overflow into the additional information section if there are more than seven items? Or is this like the extracurriculars question, where you only want what we consider to be the most important ones?2. On the self-reported course work, I thought I remembered seeing something about how we should leave the grade section blank if the grade wasnt out yet (or if we hadnt taken the class). Is this correct? Should we list all classes for senior year, and leave the ones with no grades yet blank? [Sorry if this has been asked beforeIm sure it must have been but I couldnt find it.]3. Would it be appropriate to explain in the additional information section that I didnt apply early anywhere, and why? (My school has a policy that makes early action unofficially binding in an effort to encourage colleges to accept our students. In my case, due to financial concerns I didnt want to commit to one place.) I know you guys dont overanalyze the whol e early action thing the way some colleges do, but I just dont want my lack of an early application to be perceived as a lack of interest. Hi Keone! I hope all is well. 1. Like the extracurriculars, Id list the top one in the section, and you can feel free to list the others under additional information or in an attached resume, if you prefer. 2. Youre right list all of your courses through the end of high school, and leave the grade blank if you havent gotten it yet. 3. You may explain if you wish. For your school, I am well aware of the policy. As you note, we dont stress demonstrated interest as much as some other schools do, and we try our best to consider regular and early action applicants on even ground. So, I wouldnt worry. - Muneeb wrote, hi i gave my Sat1 twice and i got a 700 both times. i am an international applicant. i got a 790 on a MATHSL2 SAT2. I was wondering if a high sat2 can compensate for a medicore sat1. also i gave my toefl on the 15th this month. ever since i have been trying to update mit as a receipient but the toefl site keeps crashing. would it be alright if the scores are a bit late. i have been trying everyday but to no avail. ps my CR and writing scores are up to par. It is okay if your TOEFL scores arrive after the deadline. Assuming they are good, we will use TOEFL instead of the SAT I, so that wont matter anyway. - Muneeb wrote, i have been developing databases since my sophomore year. these involve research and development but obviously i cant write a lot about it in the 500 word optional essay. i was wondering if i could send in an additional paper via mail that is the abstract that says how exactly i did the project and a sample of the original work Yes, you may do so. - kanika wrote, im from india but plz dnt get da usual impression ppl tend to have bou indian studentsi mean nerdyishwell im a regular applicant n i jus wanted to ask y dsnt my application status show that my evaluations have been received even though they were deliverd a long time agon part 2 of my application is also nt bein accepted cuz it says i have some eror in da score entries ,,i have taken toefl but my acores arent available as yet n ill be takin da subject tests on the jan date so i really dnt have ne scores to list on my application so i left the fields blank n my applications nt bein accepted wat [] is dat..ill be screwewd up fer life if this continued hpnin er da nxt 24 hrs or so also sumbody plz help me out of tis prob. You should put in the date that you took or will take the exams, and you can put TBA or something similar for the score, if you need to. A general note: Id ask that all commenters try their best to use proper English and not Internet slang, and to refrain from using swear words. - Anonymous wrote, againi have only submitted my ICSE marksheet..(class 10)..that apart i intend to send the grades from my pre-boards but that will only be around the end of jan/beginning of feband i will b taking my SAT IIs in jansois everything coming in too late?..??? If we have all of your marks to date, then we dont need anything until your pre-boards. You should email our office to inform us that you will be taking the SAT II in January. - Anonymous wrote, Is there a way that I can tell if my community college transcript has been received by MIT? I assume we will receive your transcript. If youd like, you can call or email the office later in January, and we may be able to physically check the application folder for you. - Sabina wrote, Im an international student.2 yrs outside U.S. and 2 Yrs. in U.S.So how are my applications judged, is it tougher for me becoz ill be compared to both international and U.S. applicants. Also, I cant get any materials such as rec. letters and original transcripts from my country but Ive my copy of a letter from my principal,not a recommendation letter though, and my transcripts , is it ok if i send the copies instead. Ive already applied and send everything from U.S. will they contact me if they need stuffs from my previous school or will they just throw my application away, im really worried. One more.Im taking TOEFL on January becoz i wasnt able to give them on Dec. when i called the admission officer, she told me its ok if i send my TOEFL scores on January, but after reading the blogs here i realized that i havent done anything for Case By Case,whatever that is. i have no clue what im supposed to do , could you please clarify it for me. If you are not a US citizen or permanent resident, we will evaluate you just like all of the other international applicants. We would like official copies of all transcripts; perhaps your grades from overseas are listed on your US transcript? We will not throw your application away. For TOEFL, you should email the office to note that you will have January scores. - Sabina wrote, hey Matt, sorry for a wrong question(off topic) in a wrong time. but is going through yrs homepage and i saw that you like bollywood movies. Do you understand Hindi? I dont know Hindi, but luckily they subtitle most of the films that make it over here. The last Bollywood film I saw was Dhoom 2. Some of my favorites have been Lagaan, Kal Ho Naa Ho, and Swades. - Ritwik wrote, I have already submitted my application and all scores etc. have been received by MIT (as it says on MyMIT account). I just wanted to ask, how much weightage is given to our SAT II scores in Math and science? Cause Im applying from Canada and I hadnt learned many of the materials we were tested on. Therefore I couldnt get the most competitive scores. Will MIT consider this as a part of the context ? We dont make decisions based on test scores, but test scores are certainly considered. - Tara wrote, Sorry to add to the many questions, but I have a couple myself. I sent in my ACT and SAT scores on the same date (early December), however, only my SAT scores have been processed. Also, my teach evaluations were both sent out on the same date, but only Evaluation B was processed (Evaluation A was not). Help?! Thanks!!! Id wait a week or so and see what shows up. Probably the Eval A will be processed soon. The ACT scores come in a different way than the SAT scores, Im sure theyll come in, too. If they dont, email or call the office. - Amjad wrote, im an international student from jordan i just wanted to say that i rank #6 in a 35-student class in my 11th grade is that a good rank or what? my GPA is still Excellent though. one more thing i dont know if you remember me but im that international student you met at the arts garden in indianapolis i told you i got 86 in TOEFL and you told me to retake it :).. i did and i got 102 :) i guess thats good indeed. for the record, i got 790 physics and 730 math but i am still afraid because im not taking an international high school system. It sounds like youll be a competitive applicant. Im glad you got your TOEFL score up. Best wishes! - confused-international-applicant wrote, Well Matt, it has been so long since u last answered questions that I really forgot what i had to ask. frist of all, i got 720 in maths IIc, physics 790 and chemistry 800. well, maths is not exactly what u call impressive because of the low percentile but still my friendz interviewer said it sucked. Now Ill agree that to get in as an international student is tough, really tough but that doesnt mean 710 in maths IIc is rubbish. or does it? Interviewer said our apps are not gonna be considered implying that 720 or 710 was a deal breaker. For my friend, it was a heart breaker too. So i wanna know if any of this stuff what he said is real, and yeah one more thing that Id like to quote: admissions depend on 80-90 percent on academics. Well Matt you gotta explain that honestly, if thats the case then all the nerds should be in but we hear people telling a perfect SAT scorer was denied so how do u justify that with the statement the interviewer gave. Thanks and Merry Christmas. If your interviewer said that your scores sucked and that you wont be considered, I hope that youll contact our office directly to tell us what happened, as that is out of line for an interviewer. We consider applications in a holistic fashion; there is no formula. There is no percentage that academics count for, though strong academics are very important. - Carla wrote, hello Matt! i have a little problem, the report from my interview has not encore been processed, and when I filled the conducted interview form I filled in the date in the format day/month/year, which is the format that i am used to, instead of month/day/year, what should I do? should I resend the form with the correct date? thanks fou all your answers! I wouldnt worry, it will be okay. - Anonymous wrote, Whens the portal going to be up? I dont know what you mean, Im sorry. - RD Applicant wrote, As another person asked earlier, if my school never officially informed me of my AIME scores, would it hurt if I just indicated that I qualified for the AIME but do not know what my official score was? And are AMC/AIME scores ever used against applicants? Is there a certain target score on either exam? You can indicate that you were an AIME qualifier. We us AMC and AIME scores in a similar fashion to other aspects of your application, like awards or AP scores. There is no target score for either exam, though obviously higher is always better! - RD Applicant wrote, I was recently informed that I won the Siemens Award for Advanced Placement in my state. The Siemens Award for AP is a nationally recognized award, so does this make the award a national one or a state one? (Assuming that national awards should take precedence over state ones in the awards section of the application, if the Siemens Award for AP counts as a state award, would it be better for me to replace it with the AP Scholar w/ Distinction award, which is definitely a national award but is not nearly as selective?) Those national/state/etc. checkboxes can sometimes help us distinguish what level of a competition or award was reached. Given that, it would probably be best to choose state, since there is also a national AP award. - Anonymous wrote, If I took college classes from a local university do I need to have the university send MIT an official transcript or is it okay if I just report the grades I received on my Self-Reported course work form? We prefer to receive official transcripts for all grades. - Anonymous wrote, Quick question about the Additional Info section Is there any specific way we should present extra info? Essay form? Lists of random facts? Limmericks?? You should present whatever additional information you need to convey in the most straightforward manner possible. - Jigar wrote, The award won in FIRST robotics. Is it considered regional or national? Because in Canada it only happens in once place so it can be considered National but since its called Greater Toronto Regional it can be considered regional award. So is it regional or national? If teams mostly come from Ontario, Id consider it regional; if they come from across the country, Id consider it national. - NoOneInParticular wrote, hmmmsince the music department will be evaluating any musical pieces we send in to support our applicationare there people familiar with Indian classical music in the MIT music dept? Theres at least one. - NoOneInParticular wrote, Also, about how long after the deadline are you able to accept supplemental materials (including supplemental materials other than music)? Anything you send will be considered up until decisions are mailed. If you want your supplemental material considered within the context of the selection committee, I recommend you send in things by the end of January.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Public School Desegregation And Federal Programs - 1295 Words

The March on Washington took place Wednesday, August 28, 1963 in Washington D.C. The march was generally for jobs and freedom but specifically it was for voting rights protection, public school desegregation and federal programs to trained unemployment workers. When it first began, many of the people was socializing about possibly what’s taken place but honestly no one actually know for sure because of how many people actually showed up and involved themselves in the movement. There was many people that came out to support as well as being apart of the march. You could tell by everyone demeanor that marching on washington were something they wanted to participate in without any force because they most likely felt that marching on washington was significant to them. After, witnessing a few people,you could conclude that participating in the march showed the genuine attitude of the people due to their actions they presented. You would that since so many people showed up that it would be complicated to get everyone’s attention but they were able to follow directions even though they made it to certain areas early then they predicted. I do not think any of the leaders that help corporate this event actually knew how many people was going to show up and take a stand with them but I’m sure they expected the best. Even though, The way everyone started off was kind of risky, they still seemed interested in the significant purpose of the march and then identified theirShow MoreRelatedJudicial Process Research Paper1738 Words   |  7 PagesApril 7, 1970 the Detroit Board of Education adopted a plan which provided for changes in twelve out of twenty one high school attendance zones in the city of Detroit, designed to affect a more balanced ratio of Negro and white students at the senior high school level. This plan was going to take effect over a three year period with the purpose of bringing about a decentralized school system within the city which would allow for the election of regional boards which would bring about greater participationRead MoreDesegregation Of The United States1720 Words   |  7 Pagesof other races and cultures into our schools have played in integral part in the historical development of the U.S. educational system. It has also allowed more access to all st udents to experience education. The desegregation of schools also started the conversation about allowing Blacks to have equal access to the same water fountains, public transportation, restrooms, and public spaces, as Whites. It is important to note the differences between desegregation and integration. The distinction betweenRead MoreThe Chicago Public School System1226 Words   |  5 PagesChicago Public School system was slow to integrate even after the Brown v. Board of Education ruling of 1954. It took much protesting, federal involvement and public outrage to finally bring about more racial equality for the students of Chicago. While the Brown v. Board of Education ruling is thought of as being the reason any racial equality was brought to schools after such long hardships for the African American students, Chicago had a difficult time bringing the ruling to fruition and federal involvementRead MoreSwann v. Charlotte935 Words   |  4 Pagesin the Brown v. Board of Educatio n case, very little had actually been done to desegregate public schools. Brown v. Board of Education ordered the end to separate but equal and the desegregation of public schools; however, the court provided no direction for the implementation of its decision. Authority was pushed to the Attorney Generals of each state to create and submit plans to proceed with desegregation. Southern states were against the court’s decision and many refused to pass any new legislationRead MoreSummary And Decision. In A Unanimous Decision On May 17,996 Words   |  4 Pagesin black schools and sought admission to public schools in their community that were presently reserved for white students. Each of these jurisdictions fought for desegregation as a way to obtain equal educational opportunities for students of color. In the Brown case, the court ruled in favor of educational equality and found separation of black students to be unconstitutional, as it violated the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. â€Å"Segregation of children in public schools solely onRead MoreHistory of Education1006 Words   |  5 Pagesnever see. Civil rights leaders like Martin Luther King, Jr. saw this idea of equity as an obtainable dream that was in the hearts of all Americans. Though desegregation and the fair treatment of African Americans was at the forefront of the civil rights movement, there were several issues that would be brought to the attention of law makers, federal judges, and the education system. Such issues included segregation, bilingual students, and special needs education. In 1954, Chief Justice Earl WarrenRead MoreThe Evolving Role of Government Education Essay1185 Words   |  5 Pagesof federal and state government when it comes to American education? The roles of education have evolved from historic liabilities to current liabilities. There are many laws and cases that have had an impact on American education that still has a strong influence on education today such as the debate between church and state, racial desegregation, and education finances. Other impacts as relevant are testing standards and special education programs that have arisen from influences of federal concernsRead MoreThe Case Of Rosa Parks And The Montgomery Bus Boycott790 Words   |  4 Pagesof non-violence sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a massive protest against segregation on public buses that lasted for 13 months. It finally ended on November 15, 1956, when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregation on public buses was unconstituti onal. However the boycott continued until Montgomery received the order to desegregate public buses. Martin Luther King called to end the boycott on December 20, 1956, and boarded an integrated bus the next morning.â€Å"TheRead MoreAffirmative Action : Discrimination And Discrimination Essay1143 Words   |  5 Pagesexcluded groups in America. Reports have shown that minorities and women have faced discrimination in schools and businesses for many years and this discrimination produced unfair advantages for whites and males in education and employment. The impetus toward affirmative action is redressing the disadvantages associated with past and present discrimination. Further impetus is a desire to ensure public institutions, such as universities, hospitals, and police forces, are more representative of the populationsRead MoreEisenhower Administration Essay1069 Words   |  5 PagesPresident Eisenhower’s response to McCarthyism, Civil Rights Movement and Social Welfare programs Dwight David Eisenhower served as the President of the United States of America for eight years between the periods of 1953 and 1961. These were amazing eight years that gave birth to a New World. The era of Eisenhower’s Presidency is identified by many Americans as the period of quietness. Americans were content and seasons were good as they no longer worried about the great crash or depression. Families

Monday, May 11, 2020

Immigration Of The United States - 1447 Words

The United States is the home of millions of Americans who are the descendants of immigrants. They were forced to leave their homeland because of the overbearing power of their leaders, crimes they may have committed, oppression and other disasters. Providing a safe haven from those being treated poorly by their country or just providing a new place for people just looking for a fresh start has been America’s tradition since the beginning. Immigrants have played a big role in American history since July 4, 1776 (America), the day the United States was founded. They’ve been able to come to America to find work, open businesses, raise families and so much more. Lately however there has been an influx of people immigrating to America illegally. Our borders have always been open to those in need of a new home, but when it’s done illegally it causes many problems for the Country. Many people from all over the world have come to America either legally or illegally in hopes of a bright future. In fact immigrants, both illegal and legal, make up 12.6% of the American population (Greenblatt). Most of them give up everything they have in order to come to America. One of the reasons is the growing poverty in their own country. Mexico, for example is a poverty stricken country decimated by drug cartels and violent gang activity. Mexicans make up 49% of all unauthorized immigrants living in America (Krogstad). They have come to this land to seek a better future. Not just for them, butShow MoreRelatedImmigration And The United States986 Words   |  4 PagesImmigration in the United States continues to increase rapidly year by year. According to an analysis of monthly Census Bureau data by the Center for Immigration Studies, the immigration population in the United States, both legal and illegal, hit a record of 42.1 million in the second quarter of this year, an increase of 1.7 million since the same quarter of 2014 (CIS.org). Clearly, Immigrants make up a large part of the population in the United States, and for most immigrants, migrating to theRead MoreImmigration Of The United States1399 Words   |  6 Pages Michelle Faed English 126 Immigration in the United States The United States of America, being a country established by immigrants, is known all over the world as the land of great opportunities. People from all walks of life travelled across the globe, taking a chance to find a better life for them and their family. Over the years, the population of immigrants has grown immensely, resulting in the currently controversial issue of illegal immigration. Illegal immigrants are the people whoRead MoreImmigration And The United States965 Words   |  4 Pages Immigration is a highly controversial and big problem in the United States today. â€Å"While some characterize our immigration crisis as solely an issue of the 11 to 12 million unauthorized immigrants living in this country, our problems extend beyond the number of undocumented people to a broader range of issues. The lack of a comprehensive federal solution has created a slew of lopsided, enforcement-only initiatives that have cost the country billions of dollars while failing to end un authorizedRead MoreImmigration On The United States1302 Words   |  6 PagesImmigration Rights in the U.S. Immigration has occurred in the U.S. for for many years. Some say it’s the foundation of our country. America is the country where people leave their own country to live. People would leave due to mistreatment, hunger issues or job opportunities. America is known for starting over or accomplishing dreams, so immigrants travel over to follow those dreams. People emigrate from one country to another for a variety of complex reasons. Some are forced to move, due to conflictRead MoreThe Immigration Of The United States1711 Words   |  7 PagesThe vast majority of people living in the United States are descendants of immigrants, and yet majority of them are against them. It is quickly forgotten that America was built on immigrants that wanted a new life. A life free from harsh government, and the freedom from forced religion. The original settlers were immigrants that stole this land; immigrants continued to come for years. It is not a newly constructed concept that immigrants have always been a problem, ask any Native American. One usedRead MoreImmigration Of The United States1064 Words   |  5 Pages Camarota (2007, p.1), director of the Immigration Studies Center, reports there are 1.6 million documented and undocumented migrants take up residence in the United States every year. Camarota goes on to say that the immigrants occupy one-eighth of the total population who settled in the U.S. The flood of aliens, to a significant degree, hinders the development of the United States. Therefore, the issues which relate to immigration must not be neglected, and the government should keep the numberRead MoreImmigration And The United States Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pages Immigration has been a large conversation topic for such a long time in our country. We have worked on policies for immigration, and have made changes to them throughout the duration of our country’s existence. This topic is always worth mentioning and important, but has become a bigger topic once again due to presidential elections and the conversations being had about immigration from said elections. It is not necessarily easily seen if the concern with immigration is who is here legally or limitingRead MoreImmigration Of The United States1565 Words   |  7 PagesA native of Mexico, Gonzalez came to the United States using a visa, to visit family members and in 1994, police convicted Gonzalez of the abduction and rape of a Waukegan, Illinois woman. During his conviction his attorney, Vanessa Potkin, addressed that at twenty years old, Gonzalez spoke very little English, had no criminal record, and yet the police wanted to pin the crime on him. Twenty years later, DNA from the crime cleared him of both charges, and Gonzalez is now threatened with deportationRead MoreImmigration : The United States1087 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States is a popular and powerful which many people admire. It is very true that the country prospect and is more enrich. O pening the border might improve the economy or can impact the job market for American citizens. It is the jobs of American citizens to be given more to this illegal immigrant. I believe the U.S. borders should remain closed. While it is clear that opening the borders can have benefits, I believe it is more important to keep jobs available for Americans. In my opinionRead MoreThe Immigration Of The United States1632 Words   |  7 PagesFrench and European to settle in the New World. Since the colonial era, America has seen a wave of immigrants migrate in search of freedom and equality. Is this the same immigration today? Nearly 11.6 million immigrants from Mexico reside in the U.S. Today Immigration has a significant impact on many aspects of life in the United States, from the workforce and the classroom to communities across the country. Not all immigrants come to America legally whether as naturalized citizens, legal permanent residents

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

E-Hr in PG Free Essays

string(52) " expertise knowledge such as finance and marketing\." Introduction to Procter Gamble Procter Gamble (PG) is a multinational corporation that provides consumer products in the areas of pharmaceuticals, cleaning supplies, personal care, and pet supplies. The global consumer goods company was started by William Procter, an English candle maker James Gamble, an Irish soap maker in 1837, and has been well established since then, ranking fifth place of the â€Å"World’s Most Admired Companies† by Fortune Magazine . P constantly strives to provide branded products and services of superior quality and value that improves the lives of the world’s consumers , where P brands serve 4. We will write a custom essay sample on E-Hr in PG or any similar topic only for you Order Now billion people in more than 180 countries. A High Performing Organization Being a multinational corporation, P values its people as the company’s most important as-set and source of competitive advantage, and understands that its success greatly depends on the strength of the talent pipeline. The Human Resources department inevitably plays an im-portant role to the company, responsible in attracting the top talents, managing P talent globally to enable career development and growth across businesses and geographies and de-veloping leaders at P around the world in every business, in every region and at every level. In view of the fast technological advances, P continues to stay at the global frontline by in-corporating e-HR into its everyday processes such as selection, recruitment and training. The use of the Human Resources Information Systems (HRIS) was also able to increase administra-tive efficiency and produce reports that have the potential to improve decision making for managers. E-HR not only provided human resources departments with the opportunity to make information available and accessible to managers and employees, but was also able to improve the company’s overall efficiency and effectiveness. With all its efforts over the years, P has been widely recognized as the industry’s global in-novation leader and brand-building leader of the industry, being consistently ranked by leading retailers in industry surveys as a preferred supplier and generating $82. 6 billion dollar of sales in 2011 alone. The HR department was also awarded the â€Å"2010 Asian Human Capital Award from Singapore’s Minister for Manpower†, a highly recognized award in the industry. Technology in HR Functions Training Development Early 2000s Being a global company that has hundred years of history, PG owes its success partly to its large pool of capable and well-trained workforce. PG trained its workforce on a regular basis. Since early 2000s, PG sees the need to share product information and knowledge to its em-ployees quickly, while keeping its employees skilled and knowledgeable. PG thus appointed Saba Learning Enterprise to develop an Internet-based learning system to be used by over 100,000 of its employees in over 70 countries . Through the collaboration with Saba Learning Enterprise, PG were able to have a scalable system which featured various functions through its web compatibility. Powering the RapidLEARN initiative , Saba had helped PG to consolidate multiple Learning Management Systems (LMSs) into one that improved the company’s global learning pace, thus reducing its costs greatly . New strategies and direction could be passed on to its employees with great consistency. Through the development of such integrated system, PG was thus able to meet the needs of various business requirements. As a result of this, number of employees that utilized e-learning had increased from less than 5% to over 25% . It was estimated that such initiative had resulted in cost savings of around $14million after 5 years. In 2003, PG moved on to engage BrightWave, UK e-learning developer, to transform its in-house presentation materials into an online training program, a 2-hour stand alone modular course, for its employees . Late 2000s With the success of Saba since early 2000s, the system had undergone multiple upgrades and customization. By 2009, the Saba system provided online training to over 90,000 of its em-ployees. There was an average of 16,000 individuals among PG’s employees that made used of its online training each month. Such success leads PG to expect an online training growth in the near future. To support such anticipation, PG planned to improve its learning management system in terms of its availabili-ty, tracking, learning process governance and application support . As a result, PG decided to assign Accenture in developing its learning management system for 6 years. Prior to the transformation, PG had over 200 training administrators that provided decentra-lized Tier 1 support, with multiple vendors providing support on more serious application issues on Tier 2 and Tier 3 . Over a period of 3 months, all support services from Tier 1 to Tier 3 had been successfully migrated to Accenture to meet several objectives such as creating a consis-tent development on its application system, having a reliable learning system with high availa-bility, as well as improving the control of its learning process . To meet the increasing demand that PG was expecting, it moved its Saba-based RapidLEARN to a clustered environment. Today, PG had a reliable LMS which was scalable to meet the increasing need of web-based training across the globe. More than 90,000 of PG’s employees now have access to the system. Today †¢Online system To enable all its employees be updated with the most up-to-date trainings, all of PG’s em-ployees have access to a website (PG’s online system) listing all the available courses, with details such as timing, course descriptions, and illegibility. PG’s employees are to sign up for all the trainings online through a common online system. With online registration, em-ployees are able to understand the details of the course as well as select the suitable sche-dule for the courses quickly through a simple click. New courses can be search and signed-up courses can be dropped through the same online system. Aside from the course listings, the webpage also has other information (guidelines) that guides its employees through their own learning path. The system contains detailed infor-mation on the career stage at which certain trainings should be taken. Trainings are categorized into â€Å"General Trainings† which covers soft skills such as leadership and business communications and â€Å"Functional Trainings† which covers expertise knowledge such as finance and marketing. You read "E-Hr in PG" in category "Papers" All these trainings are also categorized according to different career stage. As a result, the availability of the guidelines aims to help its employees sign up for the suitable courses during different career stage. E-learning For online trainings or the so-called â€Å"e-learning courses†, employees are able to complete the course at the leisure of their own pace. The system will track the attendance and progress of each employee in the trainings. In fact, employee’s attendance record for all courses attended is readily available online. Some of the common e-learning courses include train ing on procedures, standard business models, and business ethics. Upon completion of such courses, there will be compulsory tests which the employees have to pass. According to one of the employee’s experience, while such e-learning courses provide them with the necessary information, the knowledge absorbed is very much short-term. Some-times, employees will end up skip the on-line courses and move on directly to the tests by guessing the correct answers so as to pass the tests. Such ‘short-cut’ approach defeats the company’s purpose of having online trainings and wastes the resources of the company. †¢Trainings across the globe Being a global company, the company carries out its e-learning globally. The same trainings are made available to all of its employees at different countries. For other trainings that are not carried out online, the company provides the same content to be used globally. The ac-tual trainings will, however, be carried out by PG at different regions and offices separate-ly. The trainers for such courses often come from PG’s employees. These are keen employees who sent to external trainers to receive trainings. As a result of that, the training content of non-online trainings (despite having the same content across the globe) may vary slightly depending on the trainers’ style and expertise. In any case, not all trainings can be attended by all employees. Some training has specific requirements of having to meet certain career stage. Hence an approval status is needed before the employee can attend it. There are also certain trainings which can only be at-tended by certain employees upon recommendation from the managers. Therefore, em-ployees have to take note of such details as well as the location of trainings as an employee in Singapore could not simply attend trainings that are held in United States. The overall benefit of having such a complete online system in its training system is to allow PG’s employees to realize their own learning progress and to direct them into knowing what kind of skills they need to develop further in the future. It also serves to save employees time by providing the employees the flexibility of completing the trainings at the own time. E-Recruiting With nearly 300 brands worldwide, PG places high importance in the people and values the talent of every individual. The company spare no effort in attracting suitable talents into its company and promises to offer exciting new challenges, tremendous growth and support, and a chance to touch and improve lives daily for every of its staff. In the modern era, there have been an increasing number of people who are dependent on technology and the internet. In the past, people used to flip through job ads in newspapers. However in this age of internet technology, more people are increasingly turning to online job portals such as monster. com, recruit. et and efinancialcareers. com. USA Today reports that 95% of the college graduation class of 1997 used the Internet as the medium of choice for their job searches while a recent study by JWT Specialized Communications found that 70% of active job seekers are more likely to use the Web than traditional job hunting methods . The increasing popularity of these new and rising recruitment channels provide fresh and innovative ways that PG can tap onto for their recruitment efforts, instead of relying only on personal network or head hunters. One example of such a channel is the increasingly popular use of online job por-tals (e-recruiting) in a candidate’s job search. PG’s human resource team was able to identify the fast and moving trends of technology and in turn capitalize on the accessibility and availability of the internet to incorporate into its hiring process, making e-recruiting a part of their overall recruiting strategy. The key to successful e-recruiting is by providing a good job site which would make it easy for candidates to understand and apply and for the company to accomplish its goals of attracting the right talent. McKinsey Company, the global consulting firm, identified recruiting as a critical issue in its 1998 report, The War for Talent, where McKinsey points to various demographic and industrial changes that are making it harder to recruit and retain good employees . A Fast Company article on the report also reiterated the importance of talent, stating that â€Å"The most important corporate resource over the next 20 years will be talent: smart, sophisticated businesspeople who are technologically literate, globally astute, and operationally agile. And even as the demand for talent goes up, the supply of it will be going down. By providing a good e-recruiting website, PG is able to benefit as the website has acted as an effective filter, making it easy for the correct candidate to apply and deter the wrong applicants from applying. Other benefits of e-recruiting include huge cost savings. Research has shown that e-recruiting is not only faster than traditional channels but the efficiencie s of e-recruiting can also cut the amount of time needed to identify, interview and hire for a vacant position, in turn helping a company to save as much as $8,000 per hire over traditional hiring channels . Considering the scale of PG with more than 129,000 employees worldwide, the amount of cost savings is substantial by just making 10% of it hires through e-recruiting. A unique website domain was devoted to PG’s career centre: http://jobs-pg. com/, with a link to a similar interface easily accessible, appearing on the home page just beside the â€Å"Investor Relations† tab, signifying that PG values e-recruiting as much as it cares about its investors. This career website has been designed in a very user friendly manner, where one is able to search jobs by category, location or groups, enabling candidates to be able to identify the area of interest or job they would like to apply quickly. PG’s hiring process is then spilt into 5 gen-eral stages, namely application, assessment, initial interview, final interview and the offer, with specific instructions on what is required for every individual step. †¢Application This simple application process instituted a â€Å"paperless† online application system allowing electronic applications to be submitted 24 hours a day and helping the company to find ap-plicants in a timely manner. The information required in the application stage includes con-tact information, education, resume, questionnaire, confirmation and a summary. Appli-cants are also able to save the application as a draft first before completing it at a later time, allowing greater flexibility. †¢Assessments PG uses online assessments to measure skills and accomplishments that generally do not emerge from interviews. These assessments are beneficial and well received by the appli-cants as it not only allow the company to assess the abilities of the applicant, but also help determine if it is equally beneficial for the applicant to continue through the hiring process, in turn acting as a screening stage for both parties. Examples of the online assessments are: oSuccess Drivers Assessment: â€Å"Assess your background, experiences, interests and work related attitudes and measures your compatibility against PG compe-tencies for defining successful job performance† oReasoning Screen: â€Å"Measures your cognitive ability. This is important because the nature of our work is complex and continually changing† †¢Initial Interview Behavioural based interviews used to know more about the applicant’s previous accoplish-ment and the applicant relate to, compare with and connect with the company’s Success Drivers. †¢Final Interview One-to-one or panel interviews to find out in greater detail about the applicant’s skills and capabilities. This is also an opportunity for the applicant to get a more in depth understand-ing of PG’s unique culture, values and endless opportunities. †¢Offer An offer of employment will be first notified through a phone call before a confirmation with details is given through the electronic mail. The comprehensive and descriptive steps of e-recruiting has allowed PG to achieve a competi-tive advantage in attracting global talents to its company by making job postings available and conducting a firsthand filter of the job applicants through the several stages of recruitment in place. The advantages of e-recruiting for PG include the ability to reach a wider range of audience, being cost effective and achieving a faster recruitment cycle. With cost effectiveness and a faster recruitment cycle being discussed previously, the ability to reach a wider range of audience is especially important for a global company with job openings suitable for people from all over the world. Opportunities/ Recommendations PG faces many opportunities that it can tap onto for growth. With the constant increase in the use of internet revolutionizing the way people communicate and interact, majority of the companies today have incorporated e-recruiting into their recruitment strategy. Therefore there is a need for PG to tap into new opportunities to further enhance and improve its current e-recruiting strategy. In conducting the field research of e-recruitment in PG, it could be seen that technology was greatly used in the application, assessment and offer process, but not applied in the initial and final interview process. Hence PG could actively test alternative methods of recruitment such as using audio and video conferencing or a real-time virtual Business Game Challenge in the interview stages to continue develop its recruitment strategy. For training wise, our group believes that PG could have regular pop-up quizzes which test its employees on the general contents of the past trainings that the employees have attended. This serve to add on the recall on the employees and reminding them about knowledge taught such that it will prevent the employees from forgetting the training content after attending them. This is to ensure that all the resources that PG develop are put into good use. Such pop-up quizzes, though simple, could serve as a constant reminder about the need of being aware of such knowledge even though they may not use them directly on a day-to-day basis. Conclusion Based on the above discussion, we see that talent is the key resource that drives PG forward and helps the company to remain on top in today’s competitive market. Realizing this, PG never let loose its effort in finding the right talent and providing them with proper trainin. The company want to ensure that all of its employees share the same values and are equipped with the most up-to-date product knowledge in a consistent manner. In order to do this efficiently, the use of technology in its e-HR system has proven to be an ef-fective and efficient method that keeps the company ahead globally. With change being the only constant in today’s world, the continuous upgrades in its HR system as well as review on recruitment process are some of the key efforts which require great efforts and are of high importance to the success of the company. Considering the size and global positioning that PG has, keeping its e-HR competent is therefore the key to success. ? References Fast Company (1998). â€Å"The War For Talent†. Retrieved 22 December 2011 from http://www. fastcompany. com/online/16/mckinsey. html Mark. H Jakob. N (1999). E-Recruiting. Creative Good Inc. McKinsey Company (2001). â€Å"The War For Talent†. Retrieved 22 December 2011 from http://autoassembly. mckinsey. com/html/downloads/articles/War_For_Talent. pdf CNN Money (2011). â€Å"World’s Most Admired Companies†. Retrieved 20 December 2011, from http://money. cnn. com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/snapshots/334. html Procter Gamble (2011). Purpose People†. Retrieved 20 December 2011, from http://www. pg. com/en_US/company/purpose_people/index. shtml National Center for Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (January 2002) â€Å"Asia-Pacific e-learning Alliance: A Report on e-Learning and Best Practices† Retrieved 19 December 2011, from http://unpan1. un. org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/APCITY/UNPAN011272. pdf SABA Customer Overview (Septem ber 2001) â€Å"Procter Gamble†. Retrieved 21 December 2011, from http://www. betacom. com. pl/files/other/PnG_v4. pdf National Center for Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (January 2002) â€Å"Asia-Pacific e-learning Alliance: A Report on e-Learning and Best Practices† Retrieved 19 December 2011, from http://unpan1. un. org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/APCITY/UNPAN011272. pdf Training Press Releases (11 April 2003). â€Å"Procter Gamble use BrightWave†. Retrieved 20 December 2011, from http://www. trainingpressreleases. com/news/brightwave/2003/procter-gamble-use-brightwave Accenture (2009). â€Å"Helping Procter Gamble strengthen a culture of high performance through its learning program†. Retrieved 21 December 2011, from How to cite E-Hr in PG, Papers

Thursday, April 30, 2020

Terrorism Essay Example

Terrorism Essay Terrorism Name: Institution: Terrorism We will write a custom essay sample on Terrorism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Terrorism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Terrorism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The contention encompassing terrorism has been prevalent over the past few years, especially within the international community. Much of the controversy involved in this topic arises from the legal definition of terrorism and the prejudices behind it. In the legal sense, terrorism does not possess any legal requisite. With that said, it is apparent that terrorism is undefined under criminal legislations. Regardless, terrorism has garnered various definitions based on its effects on society as well as social or political motivations. For instance, terrorism refers to violent activities devised to exude fear from people, carried out for ideological, religious or nationalist reasons, and intentionally ignore the safety of civilians. Nonetheless, such definitions are partial since other organizations engage in the same tactics but do not fall under terrorist groups. Regardless of these contentions, terrorism is indeed a recurrent factor in the contemporary age. Researchers have developed various assumptions or hypotheses that establish the motives behind various acts of terror in different parts of the world. Motives for Terrorism Ideological Terrorism: Baader-Meinhof in Germany Ideological terrorism focuses on promoting or furthering a specific belief system by committing acts of violence and terror against governments and civilians. Specifically, it involves certain factions that engage in acts of terror in order to impose their political principles on other system. This form of terrorism arose from revolutionary terrorism, which was mostly in the form of guerrilla warfare. Nonetheless, ideological terrorism originated from anti-colonialism. This type of terrorism arose from the ideology within urban terrorism and urban guerrilla. According to White (2012), such ideas derived from Frantz Fanon. Fanon alleged that the Western influences dehumanized non-Western people leading to the destruction of their cultures and substituting them with Western standards. As a result, the people began experiencing exasperations from their perpetual identity predicament. This predicament asserted that for them to succeed, it was vital to reject their heritage. One of the modern terrorist groups practicing ideological terrorism is the left-wing terrorist group, the Baader-Meinhof. The Baader-Meinhof faction was one of the significant European leftists during the 1970s. At this time, most European leftwing groups as well as the nationalist factions adopted the Marighella Model based on the South American revolutionary leader, Carlos Marighella. The Marighella Model provided specific tactics for engaging in acts of terror based on the practical proposals of Marighella himself. Based on the model, Marighella sought to relocate violence to the urban centre from the rural areas. This strategy focused on initiating a terror campaign via small factions comprising urban guerillas. As such, violence was urban-based. Marighella focused on this strategy in order to reveal the oppressive and exploitive nature of the government to the unaware public. The Baader-Meinhof received inauguration in 1970. The perpetrators of this group were its founders, and they comprised Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, Horst Mahler and Ulrike Meinhof. Also known as the Red Army Faction (RAF), the group portrayed itself as a communist urban guerrilla faction fighting against fascism in Germany. The main objective of the Baader-Meinhof gang involved eradicating the anti-imperialistic and conservative role that the German government played at that time. Furthermore, most German citizens expressed dissatisfaction with the government based on problems such as racism, sexism as well as anti-imperialism, which the government failed to address during the 1970s. Such reasons led to the terrorist attacks against government officials and conservative big heads from 1970 to 1998 leading to 34 deaths including secondary personnel. However, in 1998, the leftist group ceased its operations after delivering a communique to the press announcing its disbandment. Religious Terrorism: Iran’s State-Sponsored Religious Terrorism Religious terrorism embraces most aspects of ideological terrorism. This is because religious terror groups use religion as an ideology to perpetrate such acts. Nonetheless, there is still significant disparity between both classes of terrorism. Religious terrorism is the performance of acts of terror or violent acts against civilians and governments because of motives and objectives that possess a domineering religious temperament or influence. Specifically, religious terrorism is a category of political aggression influenced by an unconditional belief based on the assumption that a greater power has commanded such acts for the magnificence of the faith. Usually, violent behaviors based on faith will receive forgiveness from the greater power and may even incur gratification in another life. In the real meaning, a person’s religious faith justifies violence as long as the act expresses the will of the person’s deity. One of the main examples of religious terrorism involves state-sponsored religious terrorism. The sponsorship of terrorism is unlimited to facilitating ethnic or ideological movements. It also inculcates the funding of religious radical movements. An example of this is the case of Iran. In 1979, the republic of Iran assumed the role of a religious terror sponsor after overthrowing Shah Muhammed Reza Pahlavi’s monarchy and creating the Islamic Republic of Iran afterwards. The country has sponsored several factions famous for engaging in terror attacks. For instance, the Revolutionary Guards Corps’ member, Qods Force, endorses Islamic revolution globally and the emancipation of Jerusalem from Islam non-believers (O’Hern, 2012). Additionally, the officials of Iran have insinuated the creation of martyrdoms specifically designated for suicide terror acts against Israelis and Americans. A significant illustration of the nation’s support for politically sensitive factions comprises the benefaction and aid Iran provides for the Hezbollah Movement. The relationship between Hezbollah and Iran is vital since the faction played a crucial role in the political surroundings within the region. As a Shia movement, Hezbollah (Party of God) arose in order to support the Shia populace in Lebanon. The organization originated at the time of the Lebanon Civil War and the 1982 incursion of Israel as a sturdy symbol for Lebanon’s independence and a justice platform for the Lebanese Shia (Fattah Fierke, 2009). The group is accountable for numerous political terror acts in the 1980s and 1990s comprising kidnappings, suicide attacks and terror acts against Israelis. Iran also sponsors other terror groups in other regions such as Palestine in order to attack the Israelis dwelling in the West Bank and Gaza. Such groups comprise religious movements such as Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) and Hamas (Islamic Resistance Movement). Nationalist Terrorism: The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam Nationalist terrorism is the use of violent acts because of motives based on nationalism. Usually, nationalist terrorists attempt to search for self-determination, which ranges from attaining significant autonomy to the creation of a fully independent and sovereign state. Based on this reason, nationalist terrorists also gain definition as ethnic separatists. Furthermore, nationalist terrorists frequently resist the notion of imperialism and other unlawful powers embraced by the government. Nationalist terrorism originates in the form of national, racial, devout or other classifying groups that feel that the government is oppressing them or denying their privileges, especially the privileges usually awarded to other people within the same state or nation. Based on such reasons, nationalist terrorists usually deem themselves as freedom fighters. They justify their acts of violence against the immediate government as acts of liberation especially for the minority or the larger populati on that possesses limited recognized national rights. The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam is an illustration of nationalist terrorism. Materializing from a history of violence sponsored by the state and ethnic discrimination, the LTTE are at the front of the modern Tamil nationalist movement. Their objective for this focuses mainly on the development of a segregated state within the eastern and northern regions of Sri Lanka. Based on their commitment towards armed struggle, the Tamils taking part in the faction receive a description by the state of Sri Lanka as terrorists. Regardless, the LTTE is indeed one of the most violent nationalist factions in South Asia. This is according to the considerable attacks it has committed against the Sri-Lankan government. In 1991, the LTTE assassinated the Prime Minister of India, Rajiv Gandhi, in 1993 and 1994; the group also assassinated the state’s President, Ranasinghe Premadasa and the former Prime Minister, Dissanayake respectively (Hussain, 2010). The group is also responsible for the deaths of other prominent military and political persons. The LTTE is also a result of the ethnic dispute between the minority ethnic tribe, Tamils and the majority populace, the Sinhalese. Because of the government actions that encouraged violations of the privileges of Tamils from 1948 and 1977, a significant pool of unemployed and educated youth retaliated in 1972 under the leadership of Velupillai Prabhakaran (Hussain, 2010). The Tamil militant factions and the Tigers recognized the significance of developing a unique and separate Tamil northern province. This region would be significant based on security provisions and an unchallenged platform for supporting and directing LTTE attacks in the island. Additionally, the 1983 Sinhalese-Tamil riots polarized both tribes forcing half a million Tamils to seek refuge in Western nations and India. Because of this, the LTTE became able to support one of the most successful international terrorist networks. The Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis Usually, the main assumption for terrorism involves whether terrorists are born or created during their lifetime. This assumption simply outlines terrorists are born and not configured by society. As such, the motives for their acts arise from the influence of natural endowments such as wealth. Nonetheless, the general hypotheses originating from terrorism allege that the society creates terrorists. Based on this, there are various hypotheses that seek to answer the reason behind the actions portrayed by different terrorists. One of the main hypotheses applicable to these cases is the Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis. The Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis is one of the most extensive approaches towards understanding terrorist acts. Ted Robert Gurr reformulated the proposition in 1970 based on the Relative-Deprivation hypothesis. Additionally, the assumption underwent reformulation in 1973 by J. C. Davies based on the effect of the gap between increasing expectations and satisfaction of needs (Hudson, 2010). The Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis asserts that most incidences of frustration originate from a certain type of aggression. Based on this assumption, the theory assumes that the aggressive acts are a way of relieving the exasperated individuals from their frustrations to a certain extent. The primary concept of the hypothesis is that aggravations and tensions upsurge to a point that the individual cannot contain them. Therefore, in order to release such tensions, the individual channels them in a satisfactory way that relieves them of their vexations (Whitley Kite, 2010). As mentioned, the hypothesis originates from the Relative-Deprivation hypothesis. This theory surmises that individuals consistently compare what they possess and what they do not possess as they select their interests and standards. Additionally, they also compare their needs and wants with the actual or the imaginary (Connor, 2009). As such, they note the disparity between their inequalities, which leads them to express frustration based on this sense of injustice according to them. The Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis argues that violent acts of terror arise from the exasperation arising from insufficient gratification of needs by political or economic systems. Simply, the theory asserts that terrorist or terrorist-related behavior arises from a range of economic, political or individual requirements or objectives. Furthermore, the Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis alleges that terrorist behavior occurs because of the frustration that relates specifically to economic and political situations. These economic and political situations nurture considerable frustration, based on incessant marginalization and alienation, as such develop a desire to endorse change in a drastic way. For instance, the French Revolution of 1789 is an example of the Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis. This is because the French Revolution arose out of the people’s frustrations with the ineptitude of King Louis XVI and the deterioration of the country’s aristocracy (Gough, 20 10). As a result, there was intense social and political upheaval against the monarch. In the case of the Baader-Meinhof gang, the Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis applies significantly. As a leftist group, the Baader-Meinhof gang embraced the ideologies of the Marighella Urban Model. This is similar to other leftist groups in Europe that adopted the same representation in order to commit their acts of terror. The main ideology expressed by the Marighella Urban Model was repression by the government. Marighella surmised that violence via urban guerillas was the only way to make the public understand the authoritative and exploitive nature of the government. This was similar to the ideology articulated by the Red Army Faction in the 1970s. The members of the factions and the young public collectively disagreed with the authoritarian and oppressive structures in Germany that arose from Nazism. This is because the Nazi historical legacy separated the generations leading to amplified suspicion concerning dictatorial structures within the society. The Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis also applies to some extent in the case of Iran. Most of the reasons for the support of terrorism by Iran involve political autonomy. Nonetheless, even though the country uses such reasons to perpetrate violence, the members of these terrorist groups focus on relieving their frustrations especially with the Israeli government. Accordingly, members of terror groups such as the Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) and the Hamas focus on ridding Israeli civilians within Israeli-occupied areas such as Gaza and the West Bank. This is because of numerous years of intense alienation and marginalization. Such frustrations make members of the Islamic community a significant target especially for Iran’s political motivations based on the notion of religion. In the case of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), the Frustration Aggression Hypothesis correlates with the motivations behind terror attacks committed against the Sri-Lankan and Indian government. The members of the terror group comprise the minority ethnic group, the Tamils. Because of years of breach of their rights by the government, most of them relieved their exasperations by joining the Tamil Tigers. Additionally, the Tamils felt that they received unequal treatment and benefit unlike their counterparts, the Sinhalese, who gained privileges from the government. This is an instance of the Relative-Deprivation hypothesis. By comparing their pathetic situation with the Sinhalese, the Tamils sought to expel their frustrations with the government based on the way it unfairly treated the Tamil population. In conclusion, terrorism is indeed a considerable anomaly in the modern society. However, it is evident that acts of terror also occurred in different historical periods because of specific reasons. Such reasons have transformed into ideological, religious and nationalist motives. Even though terror movements embrace such different motives in committing violent acts, the Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis proves that underlying frustrations and grievances form part of the major reasons why various people engage in acts of terrorism. References Connor, T. (2009). The criminology of terrorism: Theories and models. In Borgeson, K., Valeri, R. (Eds.), Terrorism in America (17-54). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. Fattah, K., Fierke, K. M. (2009). A Clash of Emotions: The Politics of Humiliation and Political Violence in the Middle East. European Journal of International Relations, 15(1), 67-93. Gough, H. (2010). The terror in the French Revolution. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. Hudson, R. A. (2010). Sociology and psychology of terrorism. New York, NY: Nova Science Publishers. Hussain, S. R. (2010). Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE): Failed Quest for a ‘Homeland’. In Mulaj, K. (Ed.), Violent Non-State Actors in World Politics (381-412). New York, NY: Columbia University Press. O’Hern, S. K. (2012). Iran’s Revolutionary Guard: The threat that grows while America sleeps. Washington, D.C: Potomac Books. White, J. R. (2012). Terrorism and homeland security. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Whitley, B. E., Kite, M. E. (2010). The psychology of prejudice and discrimination. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Saturday, March 21, 2020

Free Essays on Our Time

John Wideman’s â€Å"Our Time† is an intriguing essay of his brother Robby and the hardships of living in the neighborhood of Homewood. Wideman writes of his mother, his grandfather, and the troubles Robby had gone through which ended him up in jail for the rest of his life. Wideman puts a creative twist on this writing by telling the story from three different point of views in attempt for him to really understand the characters. He uses the voice of his mother, voice of Robby, and his own voice. Wideman throughout his writing analyzes his life, his personality, and himself as a writer. Putting so much of his personal thoughts and himself into â€Å"Our Time† makes it a very emotional and a personal piece. Wideman discusses tragedies and questions in order to make sense of his life. Before Wideman begins analyzing himself, he shares the life of Homewood. He writes of Robby’s good friend Garth and his wrongful death that was caused by being misdiagnosed by doctors who didn’t care about him. He also discusses how Garth’s death triggered Robby to go down hill and his mother having to deal with Robby’s crazy lifestyle. Wideman writes of his mother, â€Å"She would become an aggressive, acid critic of the status quo in all its forms: from the president... on down to the bank tellers (‘I go there every Friday and I’m one of the few black faces she sees all day and she knows me as well as she knows that wart on her cheek but she’ll still make me show my license before she’ll cash my check’)†(762). This gives reader a sense of the struggles and the discrimination African Americans had to face everyday, let alone living in a dangerous ghetto neighborhood. Wideman begins analyzing himself during a conve rsation with his mother where she tells him about her troubles. Wideman writes, â€Å"listening as my mother expressed her sorrow, the indignation at the way Garth was treated, her fears for my brother, I was hearing a new voice. S... Free Essays on Our Time Free Essays on Our Time John Wideman’s â€Å"Our Time† is an intriguing essay of his brother Robby and the hardships of living in the neighborhood of Homewood. Wideman writes of his mother, his grandfather, and the troubles Robby had gone through which ended him up in jail for the rest of his life. Wideman puts a creative twist on this writing by telling the story from three different point of views in attempt for him to really understand the characters. He uses the voice of his mother, voice of Robby, and his own voice. Wideman throughout his writing analyzes his life, his personality, and himself as a writer. Putting so much of his personal thoughts and himself into â€Å"Our Time† makes it a very emotional and a personal piece. Wideman discusses tragedies and questions in order to make sense of his life. Before Wideman begins analyzing himself, he shares the life of Homewood. He writes of Robby’s good friend Garth and his wrongful death that was caused by being misdiagnosed by doctors who didn’t care about him. He also discusses how Garth’s death triggered Robby to go down hill and his mother having to deal with Robby’s crazy lifestyle. Wideman writes of his mother, â€Å"She would become an aggressive, acid critic of the status quo in all its forms: from the president... on down to the bank tellers (‘I go there every Friday and I’m one of the few black faces she sees all day and she knows me as well as she knows that wart on her cheek but she’ll still make me show my license before she’ll cash my check’)†(762). This gives reader a sense of the struggles and the discrimination African Americans had to face everyday, let alone living in a dangerous ghetto neighborhood. Wideman begins analyzing himself during a conve rsation with his mother where she tells him about her troubles. Wideman writes, â€Å"listening as my mother expressed her sorrow, the indignation at the way Garth was treated, her fears for my brother, I was hearing a new voice. S... Free Essays on Our Time John Wideman’s â€Å"Our Time† is an intriguing essay of his brother Robby and the hardships of living in the neighborhood of Homewood. Wideman writes of his mother, his grandfather, and the troubles Robby had gone through which ended him up in jail for the rest of his life. Wideman puts a creative twist on this writing by telling the story from three different point of views in attempt for him to really understand the characters. He uses the voice of his mother, voice of Robby, and his own voice. Wideman throughout his writing analyzes his life, his personality, and himself as a writer. Putting so much of his personal thoughts and himself into â€Å"Our Time† makes it a very emotional and a personal piece. Wideman discusses tragedies and questions in order to make sense of his life. Before Wideman begins analyzing himself, he shares the life of Homewood. He writes of Robby’s good friend Garth and his wrongful death that was caused by being misdiagnosed by doctors who didn’t care about him. He also discusses how Garth’s death triggered Robby to go down hill and his mother having to deal with Robby’s crazy lifestyle. Wideman writes of his mother, â€Å"She would become an aggressive, acid critic of the status quo in all its forms: from the president... on down to the bank tellers (‘I go there every Friday and I’m one of the few black faces she sees all day and she knows me as well as she knows that wart on her cheek but she’ll still make me show my license before she’ll cash my check’)†(762). This gives reader a sense of the struggles and the discrimination African Americans had to face everyday, let alone living in a dangerous ghetto neighborhood. Wideman begins analyzing himself during a conve rsation with his mother where she tells him about her troubles. Wideman writes, â€Å"listening as my mother expressed her sorrow, the indignation at the way Garth was treated, her fears for my brother, I was hearing a new voice. S... Free Essays on Our Time John Wideman’s â€Å"Our Time† is an intriguing essay of his brother Robby and the hardships of living in the neighborhood of Homewood. Wideman writes of his mother, his grandfather, and the troubles Robby had gone through which ended him up in jail for the rest of his life. Wideman puts a creative twist on this writing by telling the story from three different point of views in attempt for him to really understand the characters. He uses the voice of his mother, voice of Robby, and his own voice. Wideman throughout his writing analyzes his life, his personality, and himself as a writer. Putting so much of his personal thoughts and himself into â€Å"Our Time† makes it a very emotional and a personal piece. Wideman discusses tragedies and questions in order to make sense of his life. Before Wideman begins analyzing himself, he shares the life of Homewood. He writes of Robby’s good friend Garth and his wrongful death that was caused by being misdiagnosed by doctors who didn’t care about him. He also discusses how Garth’s death triggered Robby to go down hill and his mother having to deal with Robby’s crazy lifestyle. Wideman writes of his mother, â€Å"She would become an aggressive, acid critic of the status quo in all its forms: from the president... on down to the bank tellers (‘I go there every Friday and I’m one of the few black faces she sees all day and she knows me as well as she knows that wart on her cheek but she’ll still make me show my license before she’ll cash my check’)†(762). This gives reader a sense of the struggles and the discrimination African Americans had to face everyday, let alone living in a dangerous ghetto neighborhood. Wideman begins analyzing himself during a conve rsation with his mother where she tells him about her troubles. Wideman writes, â€Å"listening as my mother expressed her sorrow, the indignation at the way Garth was treated, her fears for my brother, I was hearing a new voice. S... Free Essays on Our Time John Wideman’s â€Å"Our Time† is an intriguing essay of his brother Robby and the hardships of living in the neighborhood of Homewood. Wideman writes of his mother, his grandfather, and the troubles Robby had gone through which ended him up in jail for the rest of his life. Wideman puts a creative twist on this writing by telling the story from three different point of views in attempt for him to really understand the characters. He uses the voice of his mother, voice of Robby, and his own voice. Wideman throughout his writing analyzes his life, his personality, and himself as a writer. Putting so much of his personal thoughts and himself into â€Å"Our Time† makes it a very emotional and a personal piece. Wideman discusses tragedies and questions in order to make sense of his life. Before Wideman begins analyzing himself, he shares the life of Homewood. He writes of Robby’s good friend Garth and his wrongful death that was caused by being misdiagnosed by doctors who didn’t care about him. He also discusses how Garth’s death triggered Robby to go down hill and his mother having to deal with Robby’s crazy lifestyle. Wideman writes of his mother, â€Å"She would become an aggressive, acid critic of the status quo in all its forms: from the president... on down to the bank tellers (‘I go there every Friday and I’m one of the few black faces she sees all day and she knows me as well as she knows that wart on her cheek but she’ll still make me show my license before she’ll cash my check’)†(762). This gives reader a sense of the struggles and the discrimination African Americans had to face everyday, let alone living in a dangerous ghetto neighborhood. Wideman begins analyzing himself during a conve rsation with his mother where she tells him about her troubles. Wideman writes, â€Å"listening as my mother expressed her sorrow, the indignation at the way Garth was treated, her fears for my brother, I was hearing a new voice. S...